Cake 1.88 Help
Overview
Cake 1.88 is a checkers engine for CheckerBoard.
If you have trouble running Cake 1.88, read this document carefully, and if you cannot find
an answer to your problem, send me a report by email.
System Requirements
The endgame databases for more than 6 pieces are large. Here's an overview of minimum
system requirements for running Cake with different sizes of the endgame database:
- 6-piece: 64MB RAM, 40MB free HD space
- 7-piece: 96MB RAM, 376MB free HD space
- 8-piece: 128MB RAM, 4.33GB free HD space
Note that the required RAM is a minimal requirement. To run the 7- or 8-piece database, I recommend at least
twice the amount of RAM, and for the 8-piece database, more is always better - you cannot have too much :-)
Engine Options
In CheckerBoard, you can use the engine options dialog to set the following options of Cake:
- Book
choose from 4 different book settings. You can turn the book off entirely, or you can select
one of 3 book strength levels. When the book is set to "best moves", it will always play the same move in the
same position, the move it considers to be best. Best means that it has the highest value, and the most moves
following it. When the book is set to "good moves", it will pick one of the moves with the highest value at
random, regardless of the depth of the lines. When the book is set to "all kinds of moves", it will play any
of the moves which are within 10 points of the value of the best move in the position at random. To get maximum
playing strength, use "best moves". To get more variety of play (and to get a better chance to win a game),
use "all kinds of moves". For something in between, use "good moves".
- Memory - Hashtable
You can set the size of the hashtable from 8 to 2048 MB in powers of 2. The larger the hashtable, the
faster the program searches to a fixed depth. However, there is a limit of usefulness: The hashtable
stores value/position pairs of previous searches. If the same position turns up again in the search
at another place, the program does not have to search again. Cake can store 1 million positions
in 8MB RAM, or 32 million positions in 256 MB RAM. If you are running the program at a fast level
where it does not search many positions for a move, then a large hashtable is a waste of memory. Here's
an example: When I run Cake on my 2018 Core i7 Laptop, it searches about 4 million nodes per second.
If I set it to search 5s/move, that means it will search about 20 million positions. Therefore, it needs
at most 128 to 256 MB of RAM for the hashtable are quite sufficient. This type of calculation overestimates the RAM necessary for the
hashtable, and you can divide the result by a factor of 2-4, Meaning that for this kind of level, 32 to 64 MB for
the hashtable is quite sufficient.
- Memory - Endgame DB
Since the 8-piece database is so big, it cannot be kept in memory all the time unless you allocate over 4 GB of RAM
for the endgame database. If you give it less memory, the program uses a certain
amount of memory to store recently accessed positions in the endgame database. The more memory it has for this
database cache, the less it will have to access the harddisk, which is very slow in comparison to the RAM.
You can set the amount of RAM Cake will use for the database cache here. Changes in the database
cache size will only take effect after you restart CheckerBoard. Also, there is a 40MB memory overhead
that is not included in the reported DB cache size. Example: if your computer has 4 GB RAM, you can set
the DB cache size to 1024 MB, and the hashtable size to 256 MB. This means that Cake will be using
1024 + 40 + 256 = 1320 MB RAM. You should never use more RAM than you actually have in your system, else the program
will slow down to a crawl. CheckerBoard will try to prevent you from doing this.
- All Scores Mode
If this option is checked, Cake will compute the scores for all moves, not just for the best move. In this
mode, it searches more slowly, but on the other hand you get the scores for all moves. This is very nice if
you are going over a game looking for blunders or improvements as you get to see the evaluation of all
moves at once.
Status Bar Output
While it is thinking about a move, Cake will tell you some of the details of it's thinking
process. A typical output when in book is this:
book 23-18 v14 d12 22-17 v8 d8 28-24 v6 d9 22-18 v4 d8 27-24 v0 d9 23-19 v-4 d6 21-17 v-4 d2
which means that there are 7 moves in the opening book. The move 23-18 has a value of +14, and 12 more book
moves after it in the main line. The move 23-19 has a value of -4 and 6 more moves in the main line. Once out
of book, the status bar line will look like this:
depth 25/43/23.5 time 82.28s value=56 nodes 61024837 741kN/s pv 24-20 16-19 32-28 5- 9 27-24 9-14 21-17 14x21
The first 3 numbers report the search depth. 25 is the nominal search depth, 43 the maximal search depth, and
23.5 the average search depth. The nominal search depth is the depth Cake attempts to search on this iteration.
However, some lines are searched deeper because of selective extensions, and other lines are searched less
deep because of pruning. The next number is the search time in seconds. Next, the value of the position.
The higher this is, the better Cake thinks the position is for the side to move. 100 points correspond to
winning a man, 0 means an equal position. Values around +/-1000 indicate database wins/losses. Next is the
number of positions Cake searched, then the number of positions it searched per second. Here, it searched
741kN/s or 741'000 positions per second. The faster your computer is, the higher this number will be. Finally,
it prints the first 8 moves of the main line of it's analysis. For technical reasons I can't explain here,
this main line may not be correct, but it is most of the time (for experts: it's not easy to get a main line
from MTD searches).
The Opening Book
The opening book of Cake is the result of automated analysis on all 174 official
3-move openings of the ACF. It was computed in 2001 (!) with a beta version of Cake Sans Souci (the predecessor of Cake Manchester) in 6 weeks.
Naturally, 6 weeks is not long enough to compute a perfect opening book, and so this opening book
certainly has some weaknesses, especially in the barred ballots. But it is better than the old
opening book, and good enough to give even the best humans (and most programs) a real challenge in the opening. Since there
is no reference to published play at all in this book, it probably also contains some original moves
that are not considered in published play.
The Endgame Database
I wrote an endgame database generator in 2001 and computed the 4vs4 subset of the 8-piece
endgame database with it. The Cake endgame database has a smaller memory overhead than the Chinook database
(about 40 instead of about 70MB for the 8-piece database), and it is compressed better by about 20%, lowering
the minimal/recommended system requirements. The CheckerBoard 1.5 (and greater) installation includes
the 2-4 piece endgame database. You can generate the 6-piece database with a simple menu click in CheckerBoard
on your own computer. You can download the larger databases, this will require some patience though...
Cake expects the database files (db2.cpr, db2.idx, db3.cpr, db3.idx etc) to be located in a folder called
"db" inside the CheckerBoard folder. If you download the larger databases, this is where you have
to save the files to. Cake will not run without the 4-piece database which is included
in the CheckerBoard 1.5 (or greater) installation. If it cannot find this database, it will terminate CheckerBoard when
asked to think (the CB window will close). If this happens, make sure that the "db" folder is present
and has the required database files inside.
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